Types of Pacemakers
1.Single-Chamber Pacemaker: Has one lead connected to either the right atrium or right ventricle of the heart.
2.Dual-Chamber Pacemaker: Has two leads, one in the right atrium and one in the right ventricle, helping coordinate timing between them.
3.Biventricular Pacemaker (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy): Has three leads to stimulate both ventricles and improve synchronization in cases of heart failure.
How It Works
* When the pacemaker detects that the heart is beating too slowly (bradycardia) or irregularly, it sends electrical pulses to stimulate the heart muscles.
* Modern pacemakers are programmable and can adjust their functioning based on the patient’s activity levels and needs.
Reasons for a Pacemaker
* Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
* Heart block (disrupted signals between the upper and lower chambers of the heart)
* Atrial fibrillation with a slow ventricular response
* Heart failure (with a biventricular pacemaker)
* Congenital heart defects or other conditions affecting heart rhythm.
Components of a Pacemaker
Pulse Generator: Contains the battery and circuitry to create electrical signals.
Leads/Electrodes: Wires that deliver electrical impulses to the heart and relay information back to the generator.
Battery: Typically lasts 5-15 years, depending on usage and type.
Procedure
Pacemaker implantation is a minimally invasive surgery performed under local anesthesia. Recovery is generally quick, and most patients can resume normal activities within a few weeks.
Living with a Pacemaker
* Regular follow-ups ensure the device is functioning correctly.
* Avoid strong electromagnetic fields, as they can interfere with the pacemaker.
* Some restrictions apply to certain activities or medical procedures, such as MRI scans, unless the pacemaker is MRI-compatible.
